Mauritius ratified the FCTC in May 2004. Since 1999, Mauritius had in place legislation that was progressive for its time, but was not comprehensive. In 2007, the government of Mauritius, in collaboration with the World Health Organization and other stakeholders, developed a National Action Plan on Tobacco Control (2008-12) with the objectives of reducing morbidity and mortality due to smoking by preventing the use of tobacco products, promoting cessation, and protecting the population from exposure to second-hand smoke. In 2008, Mauritius passed the new Public Health (Restrictions on Tobacco Products) Regulations 2008, which strengthened existing tobacco control legislation. The 2008 Regulations were implemented in two phases. Phase 1 of the Regulations, implemented as of March 1, 2009, included: (1) a more comprehensive ban on smoking in public places; (2) a ban on the sale of tobacco to and by minors; (3) a ban on advertising, sponsorship and promotion of tobacco; (4) measures to reduce illicit trade; and (5) increased penalties for failure to adhere to the Regulations. Phase 2 (implemented as of June 1, 2009) included: (1) the first-ever implementation of large pictorial health warnings by an African country; (2) a ban on use of misleading descriptors; (3) a ban on the display of constituents; and (4) a ban on the sale of single cigarettes or packs containing less than 20 cigarettes. Mauritius also developed plans to implement national cessation clinics during 2010, and implemented a pilot clinic in December 2008. In summary, tobacco control is a major priority in Mauritius. Although a small country, Mauritius has the capacity to conduct high-quality research, and the team has demonstrated and expressed their commitment to improving their capacity and standards through working with international experts.